Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 5 Articles
Background: Viral hepatitis represents a major public health burden with\nmore than 375 million people with chronic hepatitis B infection and 130 to\n150 million with hepatitis C for 2016. Sub-Saharan Africa has the heaviest\nburden of the epidemic. Objective: The objective of this review is to present\nthe characteristics of hepatitis B and C infections (HBV and HCV), present\nthe synthesis and estimate its magnitude in the Democratic Republic of Congo\nfor the last 20 years. Methods: This work consisted in cataloging the various\npublished articles and abstracts presented in scientific conferences having\nas subject of interest the infection with viral hepatitis B and C in the DRC.\nThe search for these published works on different infections was done on the\ninternet from different search engines. The research was limited to published\nworks and abstracts presented over the last 20 years. Pediatric studies, studies\nin patients with renal or hepatic infections or without original data were not\nincluded in this review. Results: According to the various works published\nand presented in conference since 1997, the populations targeted for the investigations\non the hepatitis B and C infections are the poly-transfused, the\nblood donors and the People Living with HIV. Seven (7) works have been\ndocumented for the DRC meeting the various selection criteria. In 1999, the\ncarriage of HBV infection was 9.2% in Kinshasa. In 2000, the carriage of HBV\nwas 5.9% while that of HCV was 4.8% in Kinshasa. In 2001, the portage of\nHCV was 5.0% in Kinshasa. In 2004, the prevalence of HBs antigen was 5.4%\nin Kisangani. In 2008, the prevalence of HBV and HCV was 8% and 4% respectively\nin Bukavu. In 2008, seroprevalences of HBV and HCV were respectively 4.2% and 3.8% in Bukavu. In 2012 and 2013, prevalence of HCV\nwas 5.8% and 5.2% respectively in Kinshasa. Conclusions: Although often\nasymptomatic, viral hepatitis B and C are a public health problem for the\nDemocratic Republic of Congo. The prevalence of these viral infections is far\nsuperior to that of HIV infection in Blood Transfusion Centers across the\ncountry....
Aim. To investigate the role of Coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Background. CAR, a\ntype I transmembrane protein with functions in virus attachment, has been shown to be associated with epithelial tight junctions\n(TJs) and mediates cell adhesion, implying its potential roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. Methods and Materials. To determine\nthe effect of CAR in IBD using QPCR and Western blotting to determine the expression of CAD in TNF .. induced NCM460\nand SW480 cells and IBD tissues compared to control groups. Furthermore, TJs dysregulation, FITC-Dextran permeability assay,\nqRT-PCR, Western blot, and IF assessed the permeability in CAR overexpressed cells treated with TNF .. HE, qRT-PCR, Western\nblot, and IHC assay were used to assess the CAR overexpressed cells whether they have the effect to cure DSS induced ulcerative\ncolitis rat model in vivo. Result.We found CAR levels in human colon cell lines are significantly downregulated under the treatment\nof tumor necrosis factor-alpha .... Furthermore, overexpression of CAR markedly prevented TNF ... induced inflammatory\nresponse, TJs dysregulation, and permeability disruption (FITC-Dextran permeability assay) in cells. Consistentwith these findings\nin vitro, we found that CAR overexpression could suppress gut inflammation, attenuate the downregulation of TJ protein ZO-1 and\nOccludin, and limit the induction of barrier permeability in a DSS induced ulcerative colitis ratmodel in vivo. Together, our findings\nstrongly suggest that CAR could protect tight junctions and has an anti-inflammatory effect during the pathogenesis of IBD.Thus\nCAR may serve as a therapeutic target for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD....
Objectives: The demerit of pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) is gastric\nstasis in the remnant stomach (GSRS). We investigated the relationship between\npostgastrectomy disorder (PGD), especially GSRS, and interdigestive\nmigrating complex (IMC) in PPG patients. Background: The cause of GSRS\nis still unknown. Therefore, we studied relationship between GSRS and IMC.\nMethods: 24 PPG patients (16 men and 8 women; mean, 61.2 years) were divided\ninto groups A (12 patients without GSRS) and B (12 patients with\nGSRS). The relationship between GSRS and IMC was studied. Results:\nLength of the antral cuff (LAC) was significantly longer in group A than\ngroup B (P < 0.0001). IMC and appetite were significantly more common in\ngroup A than in group B (P = 0.0465, P = 0.0186, respectively). Postprandial\nabdominal fullness (PAF) was significantly more common in group B than in\ngroup A (P = 0.0061). Reflux esophagitis (RE) and body weight loss were\nfound in group B more than in group A. Dumping syndrome was not found\nin either group. Endoscopic gastritis was found significantly more in group B\nthan in group A (P = 0.0047). Conclusions: In PPG patients with a short\nLAC, GSRS may occur by the decrease of IMC occurrence....
Introduction: The coexistence of synchronic duodenal gastrointestinal\nstromal tumor (GIST) and neuroendocrine tumor in a patient with neurofibromatosis\ntype 1 (NF1) is extremely rare, and only eight cases were described\nin the literature. Clinical Case: This is a rare case of a 38-year-old\nfemale patient with NF1 who developed synchronic GIST and neuroendocrine\ntumor, which were both in the second portion of the duodenum. The\nfirst symptoms were abrupt digestive bleeding and anemia. Upper digestive\nendoscopy revealed two tumors, sizes 2.5 and 3.0 cm, in the second portion of\nduodenum, with biopsies identifying a GIST and a neuroendocrine tumor.\nTherapeutic decision was to proceed to surgical resection, and Whippleâ??s\nprocedure was indicated. Surgical procedure was performed with good outcome.\nCurrently the patient has excellent quality of life and maintains follow\nup for thirty months without recurrence. Discussion: Long-term disease-free\nsurvival and excellent quality of life are reported when these tumors are fully\nresected in this context. However, it is not always easy to access the gastrointestinal\ntract, especially the small intestine, and proceed to the histopathologic diagnosis\nof these tumors. Conclusion: It is important to be aware of the possibility\nof the coexistence of various tumors in the NF1 scenario for adequate\nscreening, staging, and surgical treatment of these patients, as good prognosis\ncan be achieved when such tumors are detected and treated properly....
Background: Viral hepatitis C (HCV) is common in Benin. Untreated, it can\nbe complicated by cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma, which are sources of death.\nThe objectives of this work were twofold: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness and\nsafety of treatment with classic dual interferon pegylated alpha-2a (IFN) and\nribavirin therapy in Benin, and 2) to present problems related to financial\naccessibility to this treatment. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive\nand analytical study, with a retrospective collection of data from November 1,\n2010 to December 31, 2015 and prospective collection from January 1, 2016\nto July 31, 2016 (7 months). We included all patients treated with IFN +\nribavirin for hepatitis C at CNHU/HKM. Sustained virological response\n(SVR) was defined as undetectable viral load C 6 months after stopping\ntreatment. Safety was appreciated by the search for clinical and hematological\nadverse effects. Results: One hundred and six patients were followed for\nHCV, of whom 58 (54.7%) undergoing treatment (26 under standard dual\ntherapy and 32 under direct-acting antivirals). Of the 26 patients under conventional\ndual therapy, 12 (46.1%) were genotype 1, 13 (50%) genotype 2\nand one (3.9%) genotype 4. In conventional dual therapy, SVR was achieved\nin 15 (57.7%) patients, including the genotype 4 patient, 4 out of 12 (33.3%)\ngenotype 1 patients, and 10 out of 13 (76.9%) for genotype 2 patients. The\nmost common side effects with this treatment were severe asthenia (23 cases),\nflu-like symptoms (22 cases), weight loss (21 cases) and neutropenia (22\ncases), anemia and thrombocytopenia (20 of 26 cases). The overall cost of\ntreatment per patient was 11,800,624 FCFA for genotypes 1 and 4; and 7,835,048 FCFA for genotype 2. Conclusion: The treatment of HCV with\nIFN + ribavirin in Benin is effective for genotype 2. But its adverse effects are\nmanifold and its cost is high. The switch to direct-acting antivirals (more\neffective, better tolerated and less expensive) was therefore necessary....
Loading....